Navegando por Autor "Paterniani, Maria Elisa Ayres Guidetti Zagatto"
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Item Avaliação da resistencia a ferrugem tropical em linhagens de milho(1996) Lima, Marlene; Paterniani, Maria Elisa Ayres Guidetti Zagatto; Dudienas, Christina; Siqueira, Walter José; Sawazaki, Eduardo; De Sordi, GuidoFour hundred and forty maize inbred lines, developed at Instituto Agronômico de Campinas, State of São Paulo, Brazil, derived from several populations, were evaluated, in field conditions, as to tropical rust resistance caused by Physopella zeae. Twenty two experiments were carried out in randomized complete block designs, with two replications each, during 93/94 summer season, in Ribeirão Preto, State of Sao Paulo, Brazil. Resistant (Z 8568) and susceptible (P 3069) hybrids were used as controls. The evaluations were performed 30 days after flowering, according to a scale of notes from 1 to 9 (0%; 1%; 2.5%; 5%; 10%; 25%; 50%; 75% and >75% affected leaf area). All populations showed variability as to P. zeae reaction, suggesting that recurrent selection might be effective to achieve tropical rust resistance. Avaliaram-se 440 linhagens endogâmicas de milho do Instituto Agronômico de Campinas, obtidas a partir de diversas populações, quanto à severidade da ferrugem tropical, causada por Physopella zeae, em condições naturais de infecção. Foram instalados 22 experimentos em blocos ao acaso com duas repetições, em 1993/94, em Ribeirão Preto (SP) e utilizados como testemunhas resistente e suscetível os híbridos Z 8568 e P 3069 respectivamente, incluídos de forma intercalar. A avaliação foi realizada aos 30 dias após o florescimento, mediante uma escala de notas de 1 a 9, correspondendo a 0%; 1%; 2,5%; 5%; 10%; 25%; 50%; 75% e >75% de área foliar afetada. Todas as populações estudadas apresentaram variabilidade quanto à resistência a P. zeae, indicando que a utilização de métodos de seleção recorrente pode ser eficaz no melhoramento de populações visando à resistência ao patógeno.Item Avaliação da resistencia a ferrugem tropical em linhagens de milho(1996) Lima, Marlene; Paterniani, Maria Elisa Ayres Guidetti Zagatto; Dudienas, Christina; Siqueira, Walter José; Sawazaki, Eduardo; De Sordi, GuidoFour hundred and forty maize inbred lines, developed at Instituto Agronômico de Campinas, State of São Paulo, Brazil, derived from several populations, were evaluated, in field conditions, as to tropical rust resistance caused by Physopella zeae. Twenty two experiments were carried out in randomized complete block designs, with two replications each, during 93/94 summer season, in Ribeirão Preto, State of Sao Paulo, Brazil. Resistant (Z 8568) and susceptible (P 3069) hybrids were used as controls. The evaluations were performed 30 days after flowering, according to a scale of notes from 1 to 9 (0%; 1%; 2.5%; 5%; 10%; 25%; 50%; 75% and >75% affected leaf area). All populations showed variability as to P. zeae reaction, suggesting that recurrent selection might be effective to achieve tropical rust resistance. Avaliaram-se 440 linhagens endogâmicas de milho do Instituto Agronômico de Campinas, obtidas a partir de diversas populações, quanto à severidade da ferrugem tropical, causada por Physopella zeae, em condições naturais de infecção. Foram instalados 22 experimentos em blocos ao acaso com duas repetições, em 1993/94, em Ribeirão Preto (SP) e utilizados como testemunhas resistente e suscetível os híbridos Z 8568 e P 3069 respectivamente, incluídos de forma intercalar. A avaliação foi realizada aos 30 dias após o florescimento, mediante uma escala de notas de 1 a 9, correspondendo a 0%; 1%; 2,5%; 5%; 10%; 25%; 50%; 75% e >75% de área foliar afetada. Todas as populações estudadas apresentaram variabilidade quanto à resistência a P. zeae, indicando que a utilização de métodos de seleção recorrente pode ser eficaz no melhoramento de populações visando à resistência ao patógeno.Item Combining ability and potential of s1 popcorn progenies for early selection(2022) Oliveira, André Luis Bombonato de; Rodrigues, Cinthia Souza; Silva, Guilherme Augusto Peres da; Sawazaki, Eduardo; Barros, Vera Lucia Nishijima Paes de; Paterniani, Maria Elisa Ayres Guidetti ZagattoABSTRACT. Evaluation of combined ability can eliminate lines that are inefficient and enable the subsequent program steps to be more successful. The objective of this study was to predict the general (gi) and specific (sij) combination ability of popcorn S1 progenies for early selection. A total of 288 topcrosses were performed under a randomized complete block design with two replicates at two sites (Campinas and Capão Bonito, São Paulo State, Brazil). Diallel analyses were performed using mixed models and the maximum likelihood restricted/best unbiased linear prediction method. Evaluated traits included grain yield (GY; kg ha-1), weight of 100 grains (g), and popping expansion (PE; mL g-1). Ear components were also evaluated, including ear length, ear diameter (cm), and the number of grain rows (unit). The S1 progeny 32 presented the highest gi for GY in Campinas, whereas progeny 46 presented the highest gi for GY in Capão Bonito. The S1 progeny, 114 was an important parent for the popcorn breeding program, because it presented high gi for the traits of agronomic interest at both sites. Combination 86×IAC12 exhibited a high sij, and the 86 parent presented the second-highest gi for PE in Campinas, and it should be used for high PE genotypes.Item Cruzamentos dialélicos de linhagens de milho sob condições de mancha de Phaeosphaeria(2000) Paterniani, Maria Elisa Ayres Guidetti Zagatto; Sawazaki, Eduardo; Dudienas, Christina; Pereira, José Carlos Vila Nova AlvesSingle-cross hybrids of maize obtained from diallell crosses among ten inbred lines from CIMMYT were grown in four locations of the State of São Paulo, Brazil, during 1996/97, to evaluate stability and adaptability of grain yield. The experiments were set up in a randomized block design with three replications, including four comercial controls. High predictability of grain yield and general adaptability (b=1,0) was observed for most hybrids, indicating that the lines are a potential source of heterosis as well as for good adaptability. A severe infestation of Phaeosphaeria maydis leaf spot occured in Ribeirão Preto, representing a stress factor responsible for reduction of environmental quality. The disease was assessed about 30 days after flowering, using a scale of grades of 1 to 9, for 0% and 80% of the leaf area affected in the adult plant, respectively. There was a tendency of the more resistant materials to show adaptability values lower than 1.0 (b<1.0), being the single correlation between disease evaluation and the regression coefficient b (r=0.353) significant at a 2% t test. Hybrids L04XL10 and L10XL11 showed highest grain yield values, similar to the checks, and presenting stability also. It was noted that L10XL11 was resistant to Phaeosphaeria leaf spot. Híbridos simples de milho resultantes de cruzamentos dialélicos entre dez linhagens endogâmicas provenientes do CIMMYT foram avaliados em 4 locais do Estado de São Paulo (Estações Experimentais do IAC), em 1996/97, quanto à estabilidade e adaptabilidade da produtividade de grãos. Os ensaios foram instalados sob delineamento de blocos casualizados com três repetições, incluindo quatro testemunhas comerciais. Foi verificada grande previsibilidade da produção e adaptabilidade ampla (b=1,0) da maioria dos híbridos, indicando que o conjunto de linhagens é fonte potencial de híbridos heteróticos e de estabilidade satisfatória. Houve intensa severidade da mancha foliar de Phaeosphaeria maydis em Ribeirão Preto, considerada um dos fatores de estresse que mais contribuiu para a redução da qualidade ambiental. A doença foi avaliada cerca de 30 dias após o florescimento, através de uma escala de notas de 1 a 9, correspondendo a 0% e >80% de aréa foliar afetada na planta adulta, respectivamente. Houve uma tendência dos materiais mais resistentes à doença apresentarem valores de adaptabilidade menores que 1,0 (b<1,0), sendo a correlação simples entre notas da doença e coeficientes de regressão b (r=0,353) significativa pelo Teste t a 2% de probabilidade. Os híbridos L04xL10 e L10xL11 tiveram as maiores produtividades do conjunto, não diferiram das testemunhas comerciais e demonstraram estabilidade de produção, sendo o último resistente à mancha de Phaeosphaeria.Item Depressão endogâmica e heterose de híbridos de populações F2 de milho no estado de São Paulo(2013) Bernini, Cristiani Santos; Paterniani, Maria Elisa Ayres Guidetti Zagatto; Duarte, Aildson Pereira; Gallo, Paulo Boller; Guimarães, Paula de Souza; Rovaris, Sara Regina SilvestrinHeterosis and inbreeding depression are complementary phenomena, both important to the establishment of breeding strategies, such as conventional hybrids and population breeding. This study aimed to evaluate the agronomic traits of hybrids in F2 populations, estimate of heterosis in relation to the average of the parents and determine the inbreeding depression in F2 parents populations. Ten hybrids of F2 populations, five F2 parents populations and the respective commercial hybrids (HC) were evaluated for male flowering, plant height, ear height and grain mass. Plants were evaluated in Mococa and Palmital counties at the Sao Paulo State and the experiment was arranged in a completely randomized block design. The estimated inbreeding depression from F1 to next F2 generation ranged from 18.0% in HC12 to 48.1% in HC10 for grain mass. The heterosis in relation to the parents' mean was 37.2%, represented by high yield in F2 hybrids. Based on these results, it was possible to highlight two hybrids of F2 populations with high yield potential, high average heterosis and F2 populations with potential for extraction of inbred lines. A heterose e a depressão por endogamia são fenômenos complementares importantes nas estratégias de melhoramento, como para a obtenção de híbridos convencionais e melhoramento de populações. Este trabalho teve por objetivos avaliar híbridos de populações F2 de milho quanto aos caracteres agronômicos, estimar a heterose em relação à média dos pais e determinar a depressão endogâmica na obtenção das populações de genitores F2. Foram avaliados 10 híbridos de populações F2, cinco populações de genitores F2 e os respectivos híbridos comerciais (HC) quanto aos seguintes caracteres agronômicos: florescimento masculino (FM), altura de planta (AP), altura de espiga (AE) e massa de grãos (MG), em dois locais do estado de São Paulo, Mococa e Palmital, sob delineamento de blocos ao acaso. A estimativa de depressão por endogamia ao passar da geração F1 para F2 variou de 18,0% no HC12 a 48,1% no HC10, para MG. A heterose média em relação à média dos pais obtida para massa de grãos foi de 37,2%, representada pela elevada produtividade alcançada pelos híbridos de F2. Baseando-se nesses resultados foi possível evidenciar dois híbridos de populações F2 que apresentaram potencial produtivo, alta heterose média e populações F2 com potencial para extração de linhagens.Item Depressão endogâmica e heterose de híbridos de populações F2 de milho no estado de São Paulo(2013) Bernini, Cristiani Santos; Paterniani, Maria Elisa Ayres Guidetti Zagatto; Duarte, Aildson Pereira; Gallo, Paulo Boller; Guimarães, Paula de Souza; Rovaris, Sara Regina SilvestrinHeterosis and inbreeding depression are complementary phenomena, both important to the establishment of breeding strategies, such as conventional hybrids and population breeding. This study aimed to evaluate the agronomic traits of hybrids in F2 populations, estimate of heterosis in relation to the average of the parents and determine the inbreeding depression in F2 parents populations. Ten hybrids of F2 populations, five F2 parents populations and the respective commercial hybrids (HC) were evaluated for male flowering, plant height, ear height and grain mass. Plants were evaluated in Mococa and Palmital counties at the Sao Paulo State and the experiment was arranged in a completely randomized block design. The estimated inbreeding depression from F1 to next F2 generation ranged from 18.0% in HC12 to 48.1% in HC10 for grain mass. The heterosis in relation to the parents' mean was 37.2%, represented by high yield in F2 hybrids. Based on these results, it was possible to highlight two hybrids of F2 populations with high yield potential, high average heterosis and F2 populations with potential for extraction of inbred lines. A heterose e a depressão por endogamia são fenômenos complementares importantes nas estratégias de melhoramento, como para a obtenção de híbridos convencionais e melhoramento de populações. Este trabalho teve por objetivos avaliar híbridos de populações F2 de milho quanto aos caracteres agronômicos, estimar a heterose em relação à média dos pais e determinar a depressão endogâmica na obtenção das populações de genitores F2. Foram avaliados 10 híbridos de populações F2, cinco populações de genitores F2 e os respectivos híbridos comerciais (HC) quanto aos seguintes caracteres agronômicos: florescimento masculino (FM), altura de planta (AP), altura de espiga (AE) e massa de grãos (MG), em dois locais do estado de São Paulo, Mococa e Palmital, sob delineamento de blocos ao acaso. A estimativa de depressão por endogamia ao passar da geração F1 para F2 variou de 18,0% no HC12 a 48,1% no HC10, para MG. A heterose média em relação à média dos pais obtida para massa de grãos foi de 37,2%, representada pela elevada produtividade alcançada pelos híbridos de F2. Baseando-se nesses resultados foi possível evidenciar dois híbridos de populações F2 que apresentaram potencial produtivo, alta heterose média e populações F2 com potencial para extração de linhagens.Item Genetic parameter estimates and identification of superior white maize populations(2017) Rovaris, Sara Regina Silvestrin; Oliveira, André Luís Bombonato; Sawazaki, Eduardo; Gallo, Paulo Boller; Paterniani, Maria Elisa Ayres Guidetti ZagattoABSTRACT. In Brazil, there is a shortage of white maize cultivars and genetic studies for special maize breeding programs. This study aimed to identify populations and promising hybrid white maize for main agronomic traits and grits processing and to estimate the genetic parameters of parents and heterosis. In the 2012/13 growing season, fifteen hybrids were obtained by complete diallel crosses, and six parental and commercial check varieties were evaluated for: female flowering (FF), ear height (EH), grain yield (GY), ear length (EL), volumetric mass (VM) and grits processing (GP) in two locations in São Paulo State, Campinas and Mococa, using a randomized block design. Analyses of variance were carried out, and diallel crosses were performed using the Gardner and Eberhart model. The populations P3 and P6 stood out because of the estimated effects of the parents and of heterosis; the studied characters are promising for obtaining new lines and forming composites. For GP, the treatments showed no differences, implying the need to introduce new sources of germplasm. RESUMO. No Brasil, há uma escassez de cultivares e de estudos genéticos para programas de melhoramento de milhos especiais. Este trabalho teve por objetivos identificar híbridos promissores de milho branco quanto à produtividade e rendimento de canjica e estimar parâmetros genéticos dos genitores e a heterose. Na safra de 2012/13, quinze híbridos obtidos por dialelo completo, seis genitores e uma testemunha comercial foram avaliados quanto aos caracteres: florescimento feminino (FF), altura de espiga (EH), massa de grãos (GY), comprimento de espiga (EL), massa volumétrica (VM) e rendimento de canjica (GP), em dois locais do estado de São Paulo sob delineamento de blocos ao acaso. Efetuaram-se análises de variância e dialélica pelo modelo de Gardner e Eberhart. As populações P3 e P6 destacaram-se por reunir estimativas de efeitos de genitores e de heterose de variedades promissoras para os caracteres estudados, podendo ser utilizados para obtenção de linhagens e formação de compostos. Detectaram-se híbridos promissores para o mercado de milho branco. Para GP os tratamentos não apresentaram diferenças, inferindo a necessidade da introdução de novas fontes de germoplasma.Item Heterose e seus componentes em híbridos de populações F2 de milho(2011) Doná, Sergio; Paterniani, Maria Elisa Ayres Guidetti Zagatto; Gallo, Paulo Boller; Duarte, Aildson PereiraThe potential of 28 hybrids maize F2 population, obtained from a complete diallel among eight F2 populations, along with the eight parental F2 populations and two commercial controls were evaluated for agronomic traits, heterosis and its components. The experiments were developed in 2008/09, in Campinas, Mococa and Palmital, São Paulo State, Brazil. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, with three replications. The agronomic traits male flowering, ear height and grain yield were evaluated. The grain yield was adjusted to 14% of moisture. Individual and grouped variance analyses were made considering the fixed model, with the means being compared by the Tukey test. The Gardner and Eberhart (1966) model was used in the diallel analysis. It was observed that the effect of heterosis and its components were highly significant. Considering the grain yield, populations F2AG8060, F2Fort, F2A2555 are promising in hybrid combinations, with high values of parental heterosis. The population F2DAS2B710 had the greatest parental heterosis effects. There was heterosis manifestation for grain yield, mainly for hybrid F2A2555 x F2Fort. It was confirmed the potential of F2 population hybrids as an alternative to the commercial maize production with medium to low technological input. Objetivou-se verificar o potencial de 28 híbridos de populações F2 de milho, obtidos de um dialelo completo, juntamente com oito populações F2 parentais e duas testemunhas comerciais quanto a caracteres agronômicos e à heterose e seus componentes. Os experimentos foram desenvolvidos em 2008/2009, em Campinas, Mococa e Palmital, Estado de São Paulo, no delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso com três repetições. Avaliaram-se os caracteres florescimento masculino, altura da espiga e produtividade de grãos, que foi corrigida para 14% de umidade e estande ideal. Efetuaram-se análises de variância individuais e conjuntas, considerando-se o modelo fixo, sendo as médias comparadas pelo Teste de Tukey, além das análises dialélicas pelo modelo de Gardner e Eberhart (1966). Verificaram-se efeitos de heterose e seus componentes altamente significativos. Considerando-se a produtividade de grãos, as populações F2AG8060, F2Fort e F2A2555 foram promissoras em combinações híbridas, com elevados valores de heterose de parental e a F2DAS2B710 com o maior efeito de parental. Houve manifestação de heterose para produtividade de grãos com destaque para o híbrido F2A2555 x F2Fort, confirmando-se o potencial produtivo de híbridos de populações F2 como alternativa para a produção comercial de milho, visando aos produtores de média a baixa tecnologia.Item Identification of populations and hybrid combinations of maize for in natura consumption(2019) Rocha, Daniel Sarto; Rovaris, Sara Regina Silvestrin; Rodrigues, Cinthia Souza; Ticelli, Marcelo; Sawazaki, Eduardo; Paterniani, Maria Elisa Ayres Guidetti ZagattoABSTRACT Brazil is one of the leading countries in the production of maize (Zea mays), with great potential for growing green maize, which has a superior commercial value in relation to maize marketed in the form of grains. Although important, the availability of cultivars recommended for the production of green maizeis still very scarce. The objectives of the present study were to estimate genetic parameters and to identify promising hybrid combinations for the development of new green maize cultivars to farmers. In the summer crop of 2016/17, ten hybrid combinations obtained through a complete diallel of five maize populations, with attributes for in natura consumption, were evaluated in two sites of the state of São Paulo, Brazil: the Instituto Agronômico(IAC) in Campinas and Tatuí. A randomized block design was used with two additional checks, with three replications, in plots with four five-meter rows spaced by 0.9 m in Campinas and 0.8 m in Tatuí, with 5 plants per meter. The following agronomic traits were assessed: grain yield, ear yield with straw and ear yield without straw, using Griffing’s method 4. Significant effects of genotypes, environments and interaction genotypes × environments were detected for all traits. Estimates of the general combining ability led to the selection of populations P2, P4, and P5 as the ones with a higher concentration of favorable alleles for the characters evaluated. Estimates of specific combining ability and improved grain yield performance allowed P2xP3 to be selected as the most promising for production of green maize.Item Identification of populations and hybrid combinations of maize for in natura consumption(2019) Rocha, Daniel Sarto; Rovaris, Sara Regina Silvestrin; Rodrigues, Cinthia Souza; Ticelli, Marcelo; Sawazaki, Eduardo; Paterniani, Maria Elisa Ayres Guidetti ZagattoABSTRACT Brazil is one of the leading countries in the production of maize (Zea mays), with great potential for growing green maize, which has a superior commercial value in relation to maize marketed in the form of grains. Although important, the availability of cultivars recommended for the production of green maizeis still very scarce. The objectives of the present study were to estimate genetic parameters and to identify promising hybrid combinations for the development of new green maize cultivars to farmers. In the summer crop of 2016/17, ten hybrid combinations obtained through a complete diallel of five maize populations, with attributes for in natura consumption, were evaluated in two sites of the state of São Paulo, Brazil: the Instituto Agronômico(IAC) in Campinas and Tatuí. A randomized block design was used with two additional checks, with three replications, in plots with four five-meter rows spaced by 0.9 m in Campinas and 0.8 m in Tatuí, with 5 plants per meter. The following agronomic traits were assessed: grain yield, ear yield with straw and ear yield without straw, using Griffing’s method 4. Significant effects of genotypes, environments and interaction genotypes × environments were detected for all traits. Estimates of the general combining ability led to the selection of populations P2, P4, and P5 as the ones with a higher concentration of favorable alleles for the characters evaluated. Estimates of specific combining ability and improved grain yield performance allowed P2xP3 to be selected as the most promising for production of green maize.Item Identification of populations and hybrid combinations of maize for in natura consumption(2019) Rocha, Daniel Sarto; Rovaris, Sara Regina Silvestrin; Rodrigues, Cinthia Souza; Ticelli, Marcelo; Sawazaki, Eduardo; Paterniani, Maria Elisa Ayres Guidetti ZagattoABSTRACT Brazil is one of the leading countries in the production of maize (Zea mays), with great potential for growing green maize, which has a superior commercial value in relation to maize marketed in the form of grains. Although important, the availability of cultivars recommended for the production of green maizeis still very scarce. The objectives of the present study were to estimate genetic parameters and to identify promising hybrid combinations for the development of new green maize cultivars to farmers. In the summer crop of 2016/17, ten hybrid combinations obtained through a complete diallel of five maize populations, with attributes for in natura consumption, were evaluated in two sites of the state of São Paulo, Brazil: the Instituto Agronômico(IAC) in Campinas and Tatuí. A randomized block design was used with two additional checks, with three replications, in plots with four five-meter rows spaced by 0.9 m in Campinas and 0.8 m in Tatuí, with 5 plants per meter. The following agronomic traits were assessed: grain yield, ear yield with straw and ear yield without straw, using Griffing’s method 4. Significant effects of genotypes, environments and interaction genotypes × environments were detected for all traits. Estimates of the general combining ability led to the selection of populations P2, P4, and P5 as the ones with a higher concentration of favorable alleles for the characters evaluated. Estimates of specific combining ability and improved grain yield performance allowed P2xP3 to be selected as the most promising for production of green maize.