Navegando por Autor "Rovaris, Sara Regina Silvestrin"
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Item Depressão endogâmica e heterose de híbridos de populações F2 de milho no estado de São Paulo(2013) Bernini, Cristiani Santos; Paterniani, Maria Elisa Ayres Guidetti Zagatto; Duarte, Aildson Pereira; Gallo, Paulo Boller; Guimarães, Paula de Souza; Rovaris, Sara Regina SilvestrinHeterosis and inbreeding depression are complementary phenomena, both important to the establishment of breeding strategies, such as conventional hybrids and population breeding. This study aimed to evaluate the agronomic traits of hybrids in F2 populations, estimate of heterosis in relation to the average of the parents and determine the inbreeding depression in F2 parents populations. Ten hybrids of F2 populations, five F2 parents populations and the respective commercial hybrids (HC) were evaluated for male flowering, plant height, ear height and grain mass. Plants were evaluated in Mococa and Palmital counties at the Sao Paulo State and the experiment was arranged in a completely randomized block design. The estimated inbreeding depression from F1 to next F2 generation ranged from 18.0% in HC12 to 48.1% in HC10 for grain mass. The heterosis in relation to the parents' mean was 37.2%, represented by high yield in F2 hybrids. Based on these results, it was possible to highlight two hybrids of F2 populations with high yield potential, high average heterosis and F2 populations with potential for extraction of inbred lines. A heterose e a depressão por endogamia são fenômenos complementares importantes nas estratégias de melhoramento, como para a obtenção de híbridos convencionais e melhoramento de populações. Este trabalho teve por objetivos avaliar híbridos de populações F2 de milho quanto aos caracteres agronômicos, estimar a heterose em relação à média dos pais e determinar a depressão endogâmica na obtenção das populações de genitores F2. Foram avaliados 10 híbridos de populações F2, cinco populações de genitores F2 e os respectivos híbridos comerciais (HC) quanto aos seguintes caracteres agronômicos: florescimento masculino (FM), altura de planta (AP), altura de espiga (AE) e massa de grãos (MG), em dois locais do estado de São Paulo, Mococa e Palmital, sob delineamento de blocos ao acaso. A estimativa de depressão por endogamia ao passar da geração F1 para F2 variou de 18,0% no HC12 a 48,1% no HC10, para MG. A heterose média em relação à média dos pais obtida para massa de grãos foi de 37,2%, representada pela elevada produtividade alcançada pelos híbridos de F2. Baseando-se nesses resultados foi possível evidenciar dois híbridos de populações F2 que apresentaram potencial produtivo, alta heterose média e populações F2 com potencial para extração de linhagens.Item Depressão endogâmica e heterose de híbridos de populações F2 de milho no estado de São Paulo(2013) Bernini, Cristiani Santos; Paterniani, Maria Elisa Ayres Guidetti Zagatto; Duarte, Aildson Pereira; Gallo, Paulo Boller; Guimarães, Paula de Souza; Rovaris, Sara Regina SilvestrinHeterosis and inbreeding depression are complementary phenomena, both important to the establishment of breeding strategies, such as conventional hybrids and population breeding. This study aimed to evaluate the agronomic traits of hybrids in F2 populations, estimate of heterosis in relation to the average of the parents and determine the inbreeding depression in F2 parents populations. Ten hybrids of F2 populations, five F2 parents populations and the respective commercial hybrids (HC) were evaluated for male flowering, plant height, ear height and grain mass. Plants were evaluated in Mococa and Palmital counties at the Sao Paulo State and the experiment was arranged in a completely randomized block design. The estimated inbreeding depression from F1 to next F2 generation ranged from 18.0% in HC12 to 48.1% in HC10 for grain mass. The heterosis in relation to the parents' mean was 37.2%, represented by high yield in F2 hybrids. Based on these results, it was possible to highlight two hybrids of F2 populations with high yield potential, high average heterosis and F2 populations with potential for extraction of inbred lines. A heterose e a depressão por endogamia são fenômenos complementares importantes nas estratégias de melhoramento, como para a obtenção de híbridos convencionais e melhoramento de populações. Este trabalho teve por objetivos avaliar híbridos de populações F2 de milho quanto aos caracteres agronômicos, estimar a heterose em relação à média dos pais e determinar a depressão endogâmica na obtenção das populações de genitores F2. Foram avaliados 10 híbridos de populações F2, cinco populações de genitores F2 e os respectivos híbridos comerciais (HC) quanto aos seguintes caracteres agronômicos: florescimento masculino (FM), altura de planta (AP), altura de espiga (AE) e massa de grãos (MG), em dois locais do estado de São Paulo, Mococa e Palmital, sob delineamento de blocos ao acaso. A estimativa de depressão por endogamia ao passar da geração F1 para F2 variou de 18,0% no HC12 a 48,1% no HC10, para MG. A heterose média em relação à média dos pais obtida para massa de grãos foi de 37,2%, representada pela elevada produtividade alcançada pelos híbridos de F2. Baseando-se nesses resultados foi possível evidenciar dois híbridos de populações F2 que apresentaram potencial produtivo, alta heterose média e populações F2 com potencial para extração de linhagens.Item Genetic parameter estimates and identification of superior white maize populations(2017) Rovaris, Sara Regina Silvestrin; Oliveira, André Luís Bombonato; Sawazaki, Eduardo; Gallo, Paulo Boller; Paterniani, Maria Elisa Ayres Guidetti ZagattoABSTRACT. In Brazil, there is a shortage of white maize cultivars and genetic studies for special maize breeding programs. This study aimed to identify populations and promising hybrid white maize for main agronomic traits and grits processing and to estimate the genetic parameters of parents and heterosis. In the 2012/13 growing season, fifteen hybrids were obtained by complete diallel crosses, and six parental and commercial check varieties were evaluated for: female flowering (FF), ear height (EH), grain yield (GY), ear length (EL), volumetric mass (VM) and grits processing (GP) in two locations in São Paulo State, Campinas and Mococa, using a randomized block design. Analyses of variance were carried out, and diallel crosses were performed using the Gardner and Eberhart model. The populations P3 and P6 stood out because of the estimated effects of the parents and of heterosis; the studied characters are promising for obtaining new lines and forming composites. For GP, the treatments showed no differences, implying the need to introduce new sources of germplasm. RESUMO. No Brasil, há uma escassez de cultivares e de estudos genéticos para programas de melhoramento de milhos especiais. Este trabalho teve por objetivos identificar híbridos promissores de milho branco quanto à produtividade e rendimento de canjica e estimar parâmetros genéticos dos genitores e a heterose. Na safra de 2012/13, quinze híbridos obtidos por dialelo completo, seis genitores e uma testemunha comercial foram avaliados quanto aos caracteres: florescimento feminino (FF), altura de espiga (EH), massa de grãos (GY), comprimento de espiga (EL), massa volumétrica (VM) e rendimento de canjica (GP), em dois locais do estado de São Paulo sob delineamento de blocos ao acaso. Efetuaram-se análises de variância e dialélica pelo modelo de Gardner e Eberhart. As populações P3 e P6 destacaram-se por reunir estimativas de efeitos de genitores e de heterose de variedades promissoras para os caracteres estudados, podendo ser utilizados para obtenção de linhagens e formação de compostos. Detectaram-se híbridos promissores para o mercado de milho branco. Para GP os tratamentos não apresentaram diferenças, inferindo a necessidade da introdução de novas fontes de germoplasma.Item IAC 1849 Polaco: carioca common bean cultivar with an early maturity and tolerance to seed darkening(2020) Chiorato, Alisson Fernando; Carbonell, Sérgio Augusto Morais; Bezerra, Luiza Maria Capanema; Esteves, José Antônio de Fátima; Gonçalves, João Guilherme Ribeiro; Silva, Daiana Alves da; Rovaris, Sara Regina Silvestrin; Spitti, Acácia Mecejana Diniz Souza; Benchimol-Reis, Luciana Lasry; Carvalho, Cássia Regina Limonta; Barros, Vera Lúcia Nishijima Paes de; Freitas, Rogério Soares de; Ticelli, Marcelo; Gallo, Paulo BollerAbstract IAC 1849 Polaco is a common bean cultivar with a carioca (beige/cream-colored with brown stripes) seed coat, 75-day mean maturity , semi-upright plant architecture, tolerance to seed darkening, mean 1000-seed weight of 240 grams, resistance to the main diseases in common bean, and mean seed yield of 2464 kg ha-1 obtained in 18 experiments.Item Identification of populations and hybrid combinations of maize for in natura consumption(2019) Rocha, Daniel Sarto; Rovaris, Sara Regina Silvestrin; Rodrigues, Cinthia Souza; Ticelli, Marcelo; Sawazaki, Eduardo; Paterniani, Maria Elisa Ayres Guidetti ZagattoABSTRACT Brazil is one of the leading countries in the production of maize (Zea mays), with great potential for growing green maize, which has a superior commercial value in relation to maize marketed in the form of grains. Although important, the availability of cultivars recommended for the production of green maizeis still very scarce. The objectives of the present study were to estimate genetic parameters and to identify promising hybrid combinations for the development of new green maize cultivars to farmers. In the summer crop of 2016/17, ten hybrid combinations obtained through a complete diallel of five maize populations, with attributes for in natura consumption, were evaluated in two sites of the state of São Paulo, Brazil: the Instituto Agronômico(IAC) in Campinas and Tatuí. A randomized block design was used with two additional checks, with three replications, in plots with four five-meter rows spaced by 0.9 m in Campinas and 0.8 m in Tatuí, with 5 plants per meter. The following agronomic traits were assessed: grain yield, ear yield with straw and ear yield without straw, using Griffing’s method 4. Significant effects of genotypes, environments and interaction genotypes × environments were detected for all traits. Estimates of the general combining ability led to the selection of populations P2, P4, and P5 as the ones with a higher concentration of favorable alleles for the characters evaluated. Estimates of specific combining ability and improved grain yield performance allowed P2xP3 to be selected as the most promising for production of green maize.Item Identification of populations and hybrid combinations of maize for in natura consumption(2019) Rocha, Daniel Sarto; Rovaris, Sara Regina Silvestrin; Rodrigues, Cinthia Souza; Ticelli, Marcelo; Sawazaki, Eduardo; Paterniani, Maria Elisa Ayres Guidetti ZagattoABSTRACT Brazil is one of the leading countries in the production of maize (Zea mays), with great potential for growing green maize, which has a superior commercial value in relation to maize marketed in the form of grains. Although important, the availability of cultivars recommended for the production of green maizeis still very scarce. The objectives of the present study were to estimate genetic parameters and to identify promising hybrid combinations for the development of new green maize cultivars to farmers. In the summer crop of 2016/17, ten hybrid combinations obtained through a complete diallel of five maize populations, with attributes for in natura consumption, were evaluated in two sites of the state of São Paulo, Brazil: the Instituto Agronômico(IAC) in Campinas and Tatuí. A randomized block design was used with two additional checks, with three replications, in plots with four five-meter rows spaced by 0.9 m in Campinas and 0.8 m in Tatuí, with 5 plants per meter. The following agronomic traits were assessed: grain yield, ear yield with straw and ear yield without straw, using Griffing’s method 4. Significant effects of genotypes, environments and interaction genotypes × environments were detected for all traits. Estimates of the general combining ability led to the selection of populations P2, P4, and P5 as the ones with a higher concentration of favorable alleles for the characters evaluated. Estimates of specific combining ability and improved grain yield performance allowed P2xP3 to be selected as the most promising for production of green maize.Item Identification of populations and hybrid combinations of maize for in natura consumption(2019) Rocha, Daniel Sarto; Rovaris, Sara Regina Silvestrin; Rodrigues, Cinthia Souza; Ticelli, Marcelo; Sawazaki, Eduardo; Paterniani, Maria Elisa Ayres Guidetti ZagattoABSTRACT Brazil is one of the leading countries in the production of maize (Zea mays), with great potential for growing green maize, which has a superior commercial value in relation to maize marketed in the form of grains. Although important, the availability of cultivars recommended for the production of green maizeis still very scarce. The objectives of the present study were to estimate genetic parameters and to identify promising hybrid combinations for the development of new green maize cultivars to farmers. In the summer crop of 2016/17, ten hybrid combinations obtained through a complete diallel of five maize populations, with attributes for in natura consumption, were evaluated in two sites of the state of São Paulo, Brazil: the Instituto Agronômico(IAC) in Campinas and Tatuí. A randomized block design was used with two additional checks, with three replications, in plots with four five-meter rows spaced by 0.9 m in Campinas and 0.8 m in Tatuí, with 5 plants per meter. The following agronomic traits were assessed: grain yield, ear yield with straw and ear yield without straw, using Griffing’s method 4. Significant effects of genotypes, environments and interaction genotypes × environments were detected for all traits. Estimates of the general combining ability led to the selection of populations P2, P4, and P5 as the ones with a higher concentration of favorable alleles for the characters evaluated. Estimates of specific combining ability and improved grain yield performance allowed P2xP3 to be selected as the most promising for production of green maize.