Influence of grafting production method on agronomic performance of wine grape varieties

Abstract Agronomic performance of different types of Chardonnay, Malbec, Merlot and Sauvignon Blanc vines grafted on ‘1103 Paulsen’ rootstock were evaluated after planting in Videira-SC. The treatment factors tested were the variety scions and grafted plants: RN – year-old bare root produced by omega grafting, EV – year-old bare root rootstock grafted in the summer, EI – rootstock cuttings rooted first in pots and then planted in the field at the end of spring and grafted in the following winter, FE - rootstock cuttings incubated for callusing and grafted just after the emission of first roots and then planted in the field, BI – year-old bare root rootstocks planted in the field in the winter and then grafted in the following winter, BE –year-old bare root rootstocks grafted and planted in the field after the scion buds started sprouting. The study was carried out as a randomized block experimental design. The ‘Chardonnay’ variety showed slower growth compared to the others, regardless of the grafted plant used. It is possible to implement commercial vineyards using all the types of grafted plants evaluated. The vines produced by BE, RN and FE presented a higher survival rate after being planted in the field. Resumo Avaliou-se o desempenho agronômico após o plantio de diferentes tipos de mudas das variedades ‘Chardonnay’, ‘Malbec’, ‘Merlot’ e ‘Sauvignon Blanc’ enxertadas em ‘Paulsen 1.103’. Os fatores testados foram as variedades copa e tipos de mudas (RN- raiz nua enxertado à máquina; EV- porta-enxerto de raiz nua com enxertia verde no verão; EI- porta-enxerto enraizado com substrato comercial plantados na primavera e enxertados no campo no inverno; FE-portaenxerto mantido em forçagem e enxertia após a emissão de raízes; BI-porta-enxerto de raiz nua e enxertia a campo no inverno; BE-enxertia de porta-enxertos de raiz nua levados ao campo após o inchamento das gemas da variedade copa). O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos ao acaso. A variedade ‘Chardonnay’ apresentou desenvolvimento mais lento em relação às demais, independentemente do tipo de muda utilizado. É possível a implantação de vinhedos comerciais com todos os tipos de mudas avaliados. As mudas produzidas por BE, RN e FE proporcionam maior taxa de sobrevivência das mudas após o plantio em campo.