Navegando por Autor "Pandorfi, Héliton"
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Item BEHAVIOR OF BROILERS UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF LED LIGHTING AND MICROMETEOROLOGICAL ELEMENTS(2020) Rodrigues, Tatiana P. N. da S.; Pandorfi, Héliton; Guiselini, Cristiane; Almeida, Gledson L. P. de; Morrill, Waldirene B. B.ABSTRACT The objective of this research was to analyze the differences between the food behaviors observed under the factors of production environment, sex and lighting system, using stochastic tools of multivariate analysis. As for the thermal characteristics of the environment, air temperature (T, °C), enthalpy (H, kJ kg-1), and black globe temperature and humidity index (BGTHI) showed high positive correlation with each other and strong negative correlation with relative humidity (RH, %). The “male drinking” behavior was positively associated with thermal characteristics of the environment in the three periods of the day, that is, the act of drinking more water would be a way to alleviate thermal stress. Birds subjected to red LED showed a strong negative correlation with temperature associated with the “female drinking” behavior, in the afternoon period, according to the principal component analysis, which is justified by the orientation of the broiler house with its longitudinal axis in the NE/SW direction, so the sunlight directly hits the area where the drinker was located. Variation in body weight showed better response when the birds were exposed to a temperature of 27 °C, for the 5th week of the rearing cycle.Item Behavior of pigs subjected to climate control system in the Semi-arid Region of Pernambuco, Brazil(2021) Gomes, Nicoly Farias; Pandorfi, Héliton; Barnabé, Janice Maria Coelho; Guiselini, Cristiane; Almeida, Gledson Luiz Pontes de; Holanda, Mônica Calixto Ribeiro de; Holanda, Marco Aurélio Carneiro de; Silva, Marcos Vinícius daAbstract The objective was to thermally characterize the facilities during the growth and finishing phases of pigs and to evaluate the influence of climate control systems on the expression of the behaviors of pigs. The experiment was conducted at the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Serra Talhada, PE, Brazil, during the spring of 2019. Twenty-seven pigs aged 63 days were used. The animals were submitted to pens without climate control system, with forced ventilation, and with an evaporative adiabatic cooling system. Dry bulb temperature (°C), relative air humidity (%), black globe temperature (°C), and swine behavioral responses were recorded, submitted to multivariate analysis, using the principal component technique. Pens with the evaporative adiabatic cooling system showed a significant reduction in air temperature and an increase in relative air humidity, during the two phases. Pigs submitted to evaporative cooling showed greater ingestive activity and lethargic behavior, typical of the studied phases. Resumen El objetivo fue caracterizar térmicamente las instalaciones durante las fases de crecimiento y finalización de los cerdos y evaluar la influencia de los sistemas de control climático en la expresión de los comportamientos de los cerdos. El experimento se realizó en la Universidad Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Serra Talhada, PE, Brasil, durante la primavera de 2019. Se utilizaron 27 cerdos de 63 días. Los animales fueron sometidos a corrales sin sistema de climatización, con ventilación forzada y con sistema de enfriamiento adiabático evaporativo. Se registraron la temperatura de bulbo seco (° C), la humedad relativa del aire (%), la temperatura del globo negro (° C) y las respuestas de comportamiento de los cerdos, sometidas a análisis multivariante, utilizando la técnica de componentes principales. Los corrales con sistema de enfriamiento adiabático evaporativo mostraron una reducción significativa de la temperatura del aire y un aumento de la humedad relativa del aire, durante las dos fases. Los cerdos sometidos a enfriamiento evaporativo mostraron mayor actividad ingestiva y comportamiento letárgico, propio de las fases estudiadas.Item Biospeckle Laser Technique for mechanical damage assessment in Tommy atkins mango fruits(2021) Santana, Taize Calvacante; Silva, Rodes Angelo Batista da; Pandorfi, Héliton; Silva, Marcos Vinícius da; Rodrigues, Silvestre; Guiselini, Cristiane; Cavalcanti, Sávio Duarte Lopes; Gomes, Nicoly FariasAbstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the response of biological activity measured by the Biospeckle Laser technique applied to mangoes (Mangifera indica L.) subjected to mechanical damage at different stages of maturation. The tests were carried out twice a week for twenty-one days, and 40 mangoes of the variety Tommy Atkins were used. The procedure was divided into two stages: the first simulated the impact on fruits, and in the second stage, the laser light was applied to the impacted area. After laser application, the images of all fruits were submitted to graphic processing, in order to obtain maps of biological activity of the fruits. The Biospeckle laser technique associated with image analysis allowed the identification of distinct biological activity levels in the mangoes, certifying its potential application as a non-destructive test tool, in the monitoring of biological activity in fruit samples. Resumo Objetivou-se avaliar a resposta da atividade biológica medida pela técnica Biospeckle Laser aplicada a mangas (Mangifera indica L.) submetidas a danos mecânicos, em diferentes estágios de maturação. Os testes foram realizados duas vezes por semana, durante 21 dias, sendo utilizados 40 frutos de manga da variedade Tommy. O procedimento foi dividido em duas etapas: na primeira etapa, simulou-se o impacto nos frutos; na segunda etapa, foi aplicada a luz laser sobre a área que sofreu impacto, seguido do registro das imagens de todos os frutos. Esses registros foram submetidos a um processamento gráfico, com a finalidade de se obterem mapas de atividade biológica dos frutos. A técnica Biospeckle laser associada à análise de imagem permitiu identificar níveis de atividades biológicas distintas nas mangas, certificando o seu potencial de aplicação como ferramenta de teste não destrutivo, no monitoramento da atividade biológica em amostras de frutos.Item DEVELOPMENT OF SOFTWARE FOR ANALYSIS OF BEHAVIOR AND WELFARE OF BROILERS(2020) Rodrigues, Tatiana P. N. da S.; Pandorfi, Héliton; Stosic, Borko; Lucena, Aline C. de; Rodrigues, Diogo F. B.ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to develop a software based on image processing and computer vision techniques for monitoring the feeding/collective behavior of broilers (Cobb) and validate it based on the results obtained from the visual analysis of an expert. The visual analysis was performed based on the observation and quantification of behaviors in the interval of 10 min at each hour of the day, in the period of 24 hours, totaling 1728 frames/day, for males and females. The software was developed using the Hoshen-Kopelman algorithm, for labeling clusters, which would basically be the grouping of similar pixels. This software is written in the 1999 standard of the C language. After this stage of programming, the Hoshen-Kopelman algorithm identified the birds in the region of interest (feeder and drinker), with removal of the background color to obtain the descriptors, using the same range of visual analysis. Then, the software was validated through linear regression analysis, using the R platform. Based on the correlation analyses, it was found that the coefficient of determination (R2) ranged from 0.74 to 0.97 for all software validation events. The number of broilers in the regions of interest showed R2 above 0.70 for females and above 0.89 for males, which allowed the characterization of the ingestive behavior of broilers by computer vision. Some factors that caused interference in the accuracy of the software were decisive for the result, especially the arrangement of the cameras, uneven lighting, obstruction caused by the lighting system, pendular movement of the feeders and drinker, and shade generated by them. Despite the highlighted interferences, the results allowed us to infer that the software identified and quantified the feeding behavior of broilers in an appropriate manner.Item Influence of meteorological elements on behavioral responses of gir cows and effects on milk quality(2021) Silva, Marcos Vinícius da; Almeida, Gledson Luiz Pontes de; Pandorfi, Héliton; Moraes, Alex Souza; Macêdo, Gleidiana Amélia Pontes de Almeida; Batista, Pedro Henrique Dias; Silva, Rodes Angelo Batista da; Guiselini, CristianeABSTRACT. This study aimed to analyze the principal components of the meteorological variables, physiological and behavioral response of cows subjected to different cooling times and their influence on milk quality, in the dry and rainfall periods, and to establish multiple regression models for milk quality. The data used in the study came from an experiment conducted in the Agreste Region of Pernambuco. The pre-milking cooling time was 10, 20, 30 min. and the control (without cooling). Sixteen multiparous lactating Gir cows were selected. Data were analyzed by principal component analysis and a multiple regression analysis was applied to determine milk quality. There was a strong relationship between somatic cell count (SCC) and activity of the animal in the shade for dry, and lying for rainfall, with increased SCC in cow milk. It was possible to establish two multiple regression models to determine milk quality in dry and rainfall periods. According to the principal component analysis, the cooling time to meet the thermal requirement of the animals was 20 min., regardless of the season and milking shift.Item Influence of meteorological elements on behavioral responses of gir cows and effects on milk quality(2021) Silva, Marcos Vinícius da; Almeida, Gledson Luiz Pontes de; Pandorfi, Héliton; Moraes, Alex Souza; Macêdo, Gleidiana Amélia Pontes de Almeida; Batista, Pedro Henrique Dias; Silva, Rodes Angelo Batista da; Guiselini, CristianeABSTRACT. This study aimed to analyze the principal components of the meteorological variables, physiological and behavioral response of cows subjected to different cooling times and their influence on milk quality, in the dry and rainfall periods, and to establish multiple regression models for milk quality. The data used in the study came from an experiment conducted in the Agreste Region of Pernambuco. The pre-milking cooling time was 10, 20, 30 min. and the control (without cooling). Sixteen multiparous lactating Gir cows were selected. Data were analyzed by principal component analysis and a multiple regression analysis was applied to determine milk quality. There was a strong relationship between somatic cell count (SCC) and activity of the animal in the shade for dry, and lying for rainfall, with increased SCC in cow milk. It was possible to establish two multiple regression models to determine milk quality in dry and rainfall periods. According to the principal component analysis, the cooling time to meet the thermal requirement of the animals was 20 min., regardless of the season and milking shift.Item PERFORMANCE AND WELFARE OF FINISHING PIGS SUBJECTED TO CLIMATECONTROLLED ENVIRONMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY LIGHTING(2020) Barnabé, Janice M. C.; Pandorfi, Héliton; Gomes, Nicoly F.; Ameida, Gledson L. P. de; Guiselini, CristianeABSTRACT An adequate thermal environment in pig farming facilities is essential to ensure productivity and animal welfare. The objective of this study was to evaluate the behavior and performance of finishing pigs, subjected to climate-controlled environments and supplementary lighting. Twenty-seven pigs (3/4 Duroc, 1/4 Pietrain) were kept in pens with no climate control, pens with forced ventilation and pens with adiabatic evaporative cooling system, associated with 12 h of natural light, 12 h of natural light + 4 h of artificial light and 12 h of natural light + 6 h of artificial light. The experimental design was completely randomized, in a 3x3 factorial arrangement and the means were compared by Tukey test (p<0.05). Meteorological variables, temperature and relative humidity, were recorded and the zootechnical performance of the animals was evaluated by weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion. Behavioral analysis was performed using the frequency of ingestive and comfort behaviors (exploratory activities and social interactions). Better performance was found for animals subjected to evaporative cooling, and the program with supplementary lighting for 6 hours promoted better feed conversion. Pigs subjected to evaporative cooling showed higher frequency of comfort behaviors and higher frequency of ingestive activity, stimulated by better thermal conditions in the housing.Item Performance of growing pigs subjected to lighting programs in climate-controlled environments(2020) Barnabé, Janice M. C.; Pandorfi, Héliton; Gomes, Nicoly F.; Holanda, Marco A. C.; Holanda, Mônica C. R.; Carvalho Filho, José L. S.ABSTRACT The objective of this research was to evaluate the thermal comfort, physiological responses and performance of pigs in the growth phase, subjected to supplemental lighting programs in air-conditioned environments, in semiarid region of Pernambuco state, Brazil. Twenty-seven pigs (3/4 Duroc, ¼ Pietrain) were subjected to pens with no climate control, pens with forced ventilation and pens with adiabatic evaporative cooling, associated with 12 h of natural light, 12 h of natural light + 4 h of artificial light and 12 h of natural light + 6 h of artificial light. The experimental design was completely randomized, in a 3 x 3 factorial arrangement with three repetitions. Meteorological responses, physiological responses and performance variables of the animals were recorded. The evaporative cooling system attenuated the action of the stressors and ensured adequate thermal conditions for the animals. Respiratory rate and rectal temperature indicated that evaporative cooling ensured the maintenance of homeothermy. Weight gain and feed conversion were positively influenced for the animals exposed to evaporative cooling, but without significant effect of lighting programs. RESUMO O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar o conforto térmico, as respostas fisiológicas e o desempenho de porcos na fase de crescimento, submetidos a programas complementares de iluminação em ambientes climatizados, na região semiárida de Pernambuco, Brasil. Vinte e sete porcos (3/4 Duroc, ¼ Pietrain) foram submetidos a baias sem ar condicionado, baias com ventilação forçada e baias com resfriamento adiabático evaporativo, associadas a 12 h de luz natural, 12 h de luz natural + 4 h de luz artificial e 12 h de luz natural + 6 h de luz artificial. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, em arranjo fatorial 3 x 3, com três repetições. As respostas meteorológicas, fisiológicas e variáveis de desempenho dos animais foram registradas. O sistema de resfriamento evaporativo atenuou a ação dos agentes estressores e garantiu o alojamento térmico adequado para os animais. A frequência respiratória e a temperatura retal indicaram que o resfriamento evaporativo garantiu a manutenção da homeotermia. O ganho de peso e a conversão alimentar foram influenciados positivamente para os animais expostos ao resfriamento evaporativo, no entanto, sem efeito significativo dos programas de iluminação.Item Thermal comfort and productive responses of 7/8 holstein-gyr cows subjected to cooling system(2023) Silva, Marcos Vinícius da; Almeida, Gledson Luiz Pontes de; Pandorfi, Héliton; Moraes, Alex Souza; Macêdo, Gleidiana Amélia Pontes de Almeida; Oliveira, Maria Eduarda Gonçalves de; Melo, Maria Vitória Neves de; Santana, Taize CalvacanteABSTRACT. The objective of this research was to identify the influence of the evaporative adiabatic cooling system (EACS) on the thermal comfort and productive responses of dairy cattle, through multivariate analysis by principal components (PC), in the summer and winter seasons of the semiarid region of Pernambuco, Brazil. The data came from an experiment that included 16 multiparous lactating cows (7/8 Holstein-Gyr), randomly distributed in 4 sets, with 4 experimental phases and 4 treatments (0, 10, 20, and 30 min.). The multivariate analysis was carried out through PC for the thermal comfort indices, physiological variables, and milk production and composition. The highest milk production in the summer season was obtained for animals exposed to the cooling system for 30 min. In the winter season in the morning period, the use of the EACS for 10 min. was sufficient for improvements in milk production. The times of exposure to EACS caused changes in the composition of milk, for both seasons. Principal component analysis made it possible to verify a positive correlation of evaporative cooling with thermal comfort, physiological responses, and production and composition of milk of lactating cows.Item Thermal comfort and productive responses of 7/8 holstein-gyr cows subjected to cooling system(2023) Silva, Marcos Vinícius da; Almeida, Gledson Luiz Pontes de; Pandorfi, Héliton; Moraes, Alex Souza; Macêdo, Gleidiana Amélia Pontes de Almeida; Oliveira, Maria Eduarda Gonçalves de; Melo, Maria Vitória Neves de; Santana, Taize CalvacanteABSTRACT. The objective of this research was to identify the influence of the evaporative adiabatic cooling system (EACS) on the thermal comfort and productive responses of dairy cattle, through multivariate analysis by principal components (PC), in the summer and winter seasons of the semiarid region of Pernambuco, Brazil. The data came from an experiment that included 16 multiparous lactating cows (7/8 Holstein-Gyr), randomly distributed in 4 sets, with 4 experimental phases and 4 treatments (0, 10, 20, and 30 min.). The multivariate analysis was carried out through PC for the thermal comfort indices, physiological variables, and milk production and composition. The highest milk production in the summer season was obtained for animals exposed to the cooling system for 30 min. In the winter season in the morning period, the use of the EACS for 10 min. was sufficient for improvements in milk production. The times of exposure to EACS caused changes in the composition of milk, for both seasons. Principal component analysis made it possible to verify a positive correlation of evaporative cooling with thermal comfort, physiological responses, and production and composition of milk of lactating cows.Item TRAILER HEAT ZONES AND THEIR RELATION TO HEAT STRESS IN PIG TRANSPORT(2021) Machado, Nítalo A. F.; Barbosa-Filho, José A. D.; Ramalho, Geraldo L. B.; Pandorfi, Héliton; Silva, Iran J. O. DaABSTRACT This study evaluates the dynamics of heat zones in the load and its relationship with the stress of pigs during transport. Four journeys of 170 km were monitored, recording the physiological variables of 192 animals (48 per journey), namely rectal temperature (RT), body temperature (BT), respiratory rate (RR), blood lactate concentrations and salivary cortisol. Heat zones and ventilation patterns were characterized by the spatial variability of the enthalpy and the Computational Fluid Dynamics of the load. The formation of a thermal core was observed in the frontal region of the load, which extended through the lower (LD) and upper (UD) decks. Pigs transported in the LD had higher means of RR (UD = 89 and LD = 94 breaths/min), and salivary cortisol (UD = 33.84 and LD = 34.92 ng/mL). The pigs transported in the UD presented the highest mean BT (UD = 38.9 and LD = 38.1 °C) and lactate (UD = 61.63 and LD = 58.26 mg/dL). Pigs transported in the LD of the load were more susceptible to thermal stress, while pigs transported in the UD showed greater physical stress and muscle exhaustion.