Navegando por Autor "Martins, Antonio Lúcio Mello"
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Item Correlações e análise de trilha em clones de seringueira(2010) Aguiar, Adriano Tosoni da Eira; Martins, Antonio Lúcio Mello; Gonçalves, Elaine Cristine Piffer; Scaloppi Júnior, Erivaldo José; Branco, Roberto Botelho FerrazKnowledge of genotype characteristics is very important during the processes of selection and breeding. The objective of this work was to study the relationship between agronomic and anatomical traits of the bark as well the direct and indirect effects on the rubber tree yield using the path coefficient analysis. Six rubber tree clones were evaluated in a randomized complete block design with four repetitions. The experiments were carried out in the Agribusiness Technological Development Cluster of the Center North /APTA located in Pindorama (SP), Brazil, during the year 2005. Significant positive correlation was found only between rubber tree yield and total number of latex vessel rings (r=0.88). The girth and the total number of latex vessel rings showed the highest direct effect on the rubber tree yield. On the other hand, the virgin bark thickness and the average diameter of latex vessels showed negative direct effect with high values. The indirect selection using the total number of latex vessel rings can provide gains during the selection in rubber tree breeding programs. O conhecimento das características presentes nos genótipos é de extrema importância na condução de trabalhos de seleção e melhoramento. O objetivo foi avaliar as relações entre os caracteres agronômicos e anatômicos da casca, bem como seus efeitos diretos e indiretos sobre a produção de borracha seca da seringueira, mediante análise de trilha. Avaliaram-se seis clones de seringueira no delineamento experimental em blocos casualizados com quatro repetições, no Pólo Regional de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico dos Agronegócios do Centro Norte da Agência Paulista de Tecnologia dos Agronegócios, município de Pindorama, São Paulo, Brasil, no ano de 2005. Valor de correlação positivo e significativo foi observado apenas entre a produção de borracha seca e o número de anéis de vasos laticíferos (r = 0,88). Os caracteres perímetro do caule e número de anéis de vasos laticíferos apresentaram os maiores efeitos diretos sobre a produção de borracha seca. Por outro lado, a espessura da casca e o diâmetro dos anéis de vasos laticíferos mostraram efeitos diretos negativos e com altas magnitudes. A seleção indireta via número de anéis de vasos laticíferos proporcionará ganhos durante o processo de seleção em programas de melhoramento da seringueira.Item Desempenho de clones de seringueira da série IAC 300 na região do planalto de São Paulo(2002) Gonçalves, Paulo de Souza; Martins, Antonio Lúcio Mello; Furtado, Edson Luiz; Sambugaro, Rosana; Ottati, Emma Luize; Ortolani, Altino Aldo; Godoy Júnior, GentilThe present paper shows the results of the selection of IAC 300 serial promising clones of rubber tree (Hevea spp.) for the plateau region of São Paulo State, Brazil. Eighteen clones were selected from a population of 70 clones resulted of controlled pollination, all evaluated in a small scale trial. The trial was laid out in randomized block design with three replications following the 7.0 m x 3.0 m spacing at the Experimental Station of Pindorama. The clones RRIM 600 and GT 1 were used as control. Regarding to yield, eight and ten clones showed superiority to RRIM 600 and GT 1, respectively. All the selected clones showed to be vigorous regarding to the girth by the panel opening. Seven clones showed high resistance, seven with moderate resistance, and two were susceptible to the anthracnose panel canker. A complementary evaluation in large scale trials is to evaluate, besides yielding, other secondary characters, with the purpose of future recommendations in large scale for São Paulo State. O objetivo deste trabalho foi selecionar clones de seringueira (Hevea spp.) promissores para a região do planalto do Estado de São Paulo. De uma população de 70 clones, de polinização controlada, integrantes do experimento de avaliação em pequena escala, foram avaliados 16 da série IAC 300. O experimento foi instalado na Estação Experimental de Pindorama, no espaçamento de 7 x 3 m, em delineamento de blocos casualizados, com três repetições, tendo os clones RRIM 600 e GT 1 como testemunhas. Quanto à produção de borracha seca, destacaram-se oito e dez clones superiores ao RRIM 600 e GT 1, respectivamente. Todos os clones avaliados apresentaram-se vigorosos em relação ao perímetro do caule na abertura do painel. Sete deles mostraram alta resistência; sete, resistência moderada, e dois, suscetíveis à antracnose do painel. Sugere-se sua avaliação em experimentos de grande escala, para avaliar, além da produção, os demais caracteres secundários, em diferentes ambientes, para futuras recomendações em larga escala para o Estado de São Paulo.Item Selection and genetic gains for juvenile traits in progenies of Hevea in São Paulo State, Brazil(2004) Gonçalves, Paulo de Souza; Martins, Antonio Lúcio Mello; Bortoletto, Nelson; Saes, Luis AlbertoFive yield traits were investigated in three-year-old progenies from open-pollinated rubber trees [Hevea brasiliensis (Willd. ex Adr. de Juss) Muell.-Arg.]. Twenty progenies were evaluated in a randomized, complete block design replicated three times using 10 plants per linear plot at the North Central Experimental Station in Pindorama, São Paulo State, Brazil. The characters evaluated included the average yield of rubber, growth vigor, bark thickness, total number of latex vessel rings and latex vessel size. Highly significant (p < 0.01) genetic differences were observed among progenies for most traits. The genotypic variance components accounted for 13.2%, 12.3%, 9.4%, 3.4% and 0.23% of the phenotypic variance for yield, growth vigor, bark thickness, total number of latex vessel rings and latex vessel size, respectively. Heritabilities, as well as genotypic and phenotypic correlations among traits, were estimated. Heritabilities for the above traits at the individual plant level (
) were 37%, 35%, 69%, 10% and 16%, respectively. Significant positive genotypic and phenotypic correlations were found between the yield of rubber and growth vigor (r g = 0.73, r p = 0.70), bark thickness (r g = 0.70**, r p = 0.75**) and the total number of latex vessel rings (r g = 0.64, r p = 0.80). There was no relationship between yield and latex vessel size, growth vigor or total number of latex vessel rings. Based on these data, selecting the best two out of 20 progenies would result in a genetic gain of 12.3% and 6.8% for yield of rubber and growth vigor, respectively. The two best individual ortets within each progeny would result in a genetic gain of 27.7% and 9.1%, with a total gain of 40% and 16% for these two traits, respectively.Item Vigor assessment of juvenile rubber tree clones in Northwestern São Paulo State, Brazil(2021) Gonçalves, Elaine Cristine Piffer; Gouvêa, Lígia Regina Lima; Martins, Antonio Lúcio Mello; Branco, Roberto Botelho Ferraz; Gonçalves, Paulo de SouzaABSTRACT Besides rubber production, one of the main goals of the genetic improvement of rubber tree [Hevea brasiliensis (Willd. ex Adr. de Juss.) Muell. Arg.] is to develop vigorous clones. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the vigor of 34 elite juvenile rubber clones. To this end, three experiments were conducted in the municipality of Pontes Gestal, in the northwest region of the São Paulo State. Each experiment consisted of 10 treatments, and 2 controls in common to the 3 experiments. The experiments were arranged in the randomized block design, with three replications and ten plants per plot, in the 8 m x 2.5 m spacing. Individual and joint analyses of variance were performed. The means were compared using the Dunnett test at 5%. Significant effect of treatments was found in the three experiments and in the joint analysis. The most vigorous clones were not different from the controls in the comparison of means by the individual and joint analyses. The less vigorous clones were statistically different from the others and from the controls, reflecting this difference in the genetic variability observed. The breeding program must consider the lack of difference between the most vigorous clones and the controls when recombining superior clones, since genetic gain depends on variability.