Navegando por Autor "Costa, Edilson"

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    Efeito da poda apical nos atributos morfofisiológicos do porta-enxerto clonal de seringueira GT 1
    (2019) Pereira, Amanda Casagrande; Scaloppi Junior, Erivaldo José; Costa, Edilson; Martins, Gustavo Luís Mamoré; Souza, Noemi Cristina de
    Abstract The rubber tree rootstocks require a period in nursery to reach the grafting stage, and it is necessary the application of practices to optimize the time of seedling formations. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of apical pruning on the morphophysiological attributes of the GT1 rubber tree rootstocks. The experiment was performed from May 2014 to May 2015 and the treatments consisted in T1: without apical pruning; T2: apical pruning performed once after the third mature leaf release; T3: apical pruning performed monthly after the third mature leaf release; T4: apical pruning performed once after the fourth mature leaf release; T5: apical pruning performed monthly after the fourth mature leaf release; T6: apical pruning performed once after the fifth mature leaf release and T7: apical pruning performed monthly after the fifth mature leaf release. Measurements were performed monthly, measuring the diameter and height of the plants, from 90 to 360 DAT (days after planting transfer). At 360 DAT were evaluated: dry mass of root, stem, leaves and total dry mass; number of leaflets; length of the pivoting root; volume of the root system; leaf area and mineral element content in leaves. The apical pruning influenced stem diameter, height, dry stem mass, dry leaf mass and leaf area of plants. Plants submitted to apical pruning showed dry root mass, total dry mass, root length, root volume and number of leaflets similar to those not budded. The treatments with monthly apical pruning showed a higher concentration of mineral elements in the leaves. The apical pruning performed monthly after the fourth mature leaf release allowed the development in diameter of the rootstocks of the rubber tree in a period similar to the plants not blossomed, but ally to a smaller height, which facilitates the cultural treatments. Resumo Os porta-enxertos de seringueira requerem um período em viveiro para atingir o estádio de enxertia, sendo necessária a aplicação de práticas para otimizar o tempo de formação das mudas. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da poda apical nos atributos morfofisiológicos dos porta-enxertos de seringueira GT1. O experimento foi realizado no período de maio de 2014 a maio de 2015 e os tratamentos consistiram em T1: sem poda apical; T2: poda apical realizada uma vez após o terceiro lançamento foliar maduro; T3: poda apical realizada mensalmente após o terceiro lançamento foliar maduro; T4: poda apical realizada uma vez após o quarto lançamento foliar maduro; T5: poda apical realizada mensalmente após o quarto lançamento foliar maduro; T6: poda apical realizada uma vez após o quinto lançamento foliar maduro e T7: poda apical realizada mensalmente após o quinto lançamento foliar maduro. As mensurações foram realizadas mensalmente, medindo-se o diâmetro e a altura das plantas, de 90 até 360 DAT (dias após o transplantio). Aos 360 DAT foram avaliados: massa seca de raiz, caule, folhas e massa seca total; número de folíolos; comprimento da raiz pivotante; volume do sistema radicular; área foliar e teores de elementos minerais nas folhas. A poda apical influenciou no diâmetro do caule, da altura, da massa seca de caule, da massa seca foliar e da área foliar das plantas. Plantas submetidas às podas apicais apresentaram a massa seca de raiz, a massa seca total, o comprimento de raiz, o volume de raiz e o número de folíolos semelhantes às não despontadas. Os tratamentos com poda apical realizada mensalmente apresentaram maior concentração de elementos minerais nas folhas. A poda apical realizada mensalmente após o quarto lançamento foliar maduro possibilitou o desenvolvimento em diâmetro dos porta-enxertos de seringueira em período semelhante às plantas não despontadas, porém aliado a uma menor altura, que facilita os tratos culturais.
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    Efeito da poda apical nos atributos morfofisiológicos do porta-enxerto clonal de seringueira GT 1
    (2019) Pereira, Amanda Casagrande; Scaloppi Junior, Erivaldo José; Costa, Edilson; Martins, Gustavo Luís Mamoré; Souza, Noemi Cristina de
    Abstract The rubber tree rootstocks require a period in nursery to reach the grafting stage, and it is necessary the application of practices to optimize the time of seedling formations. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of apical pruning on the morphophysiological attributes of the GT1 rubber tree rootstocks. The experiment was performed from May 2014 to May 2015 and the treatments consisted in T1: without apical pruning; T2: apical pruning performed once after the third mature leaf release; T3: apical pruning performed monthly after the third mature leaf release; T4: apical pruning performed once after the fourth mature leaf release; T5: apical pruning performed monthly after the fourth mature leaf release; T6: apical pruning performed once after the fifth mature leaf release and T7: apical pruning performed monthly after the fifth mature leaf release. Measurements were performed monthly, measuring the diameter and height of the plants, from 90 to 360 DAT (days after planting transfer). At 360 DAT were evaluated: dry mass of root, stem, leaves and total dry mass; number of leaflets; length of the pivoting root; volume of the root system; leaf area and mineral element content in leaves. The apical pruning influenced stem diameter, height, dry stem mass, dry leaf mass and leaf area of plants. Plants submitted to apical pruning showed dry root mass, total dry mass, root length, root volume and number of leaflets similar to those not budded. The treatments with monthly apical pruning showed a higher concentration of mineral elements in the leaves. The apical pruning performed monthly after the fourth mature leaf release allowed the development in diameter of the rootstocks of the rubber tree in a period similar to the plants not blossomed, but ally to a smaller height, which facilitates the cultural treatments. Resumo Os porta-enxertos de seringueira requerem um período em viveiro para atingir o estádio de enxertia, sendo necessária a aplicação de práticas para otimizar o tempo de formação das mudas. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da poda apical nos atributos morfofisiológicos dos porta-enxertos de seringueira GT1. O experimento foi realizado no período de maio de 2014 a maio de 2015 e os tratamentos consistiram em T1: sem poda apical; T2: poda apical realizada uma vez após o terceiro lançamento foliar maduro; T3: poda apical realizada mensalmente após o terceiro lançamento foliar maduro; T4: poda apical realizada uma vez após o quarto lançamento foliar maduro; T5: poda apical realizada mensalmente após o quarto lançamento foliar maduro; T6: poda apical realizada uma vez após o quinto lançamento foliar maduro e T7: poda apical realizada mensalmente após o quinto lançamento foliar maduro. As mensurações foram realizadas mensalmente, medindo-se o diâmetro e a altura das plantas, de 90 até 360 DAT (dias após o transplantio). Aos 360 DAT foram avaliados: massa seca de raiz, caule, folhas e massa seca total; número de folíolos; comprimento da raiz pivotante; volume do sistema radicular; área foliar e teores de elementos minerais nas folhas. A poda apical influenciou no diâmetro do caule, da altura, da massa seca de caule, da massa seca foliar e da área foliar das plantas. Plantas submetidas às podas apicais apresentaram a massa seca de raiz, a massa seca total, o comprimento de raiz, o volume de raiz e o número de folíolos semelhantes às não despontadas. Os tratamentos com poda apical realizada mensalmente apresentaram maior concentração de elementos minerais nas folhas. A poda apical realizada mensalmente após o quarto lançamento foliar maduro possibilitou o desenvolvimento em diâmetro dos porta-enxertos de seringueira em período semelhante às plantas não despontadas, porém aliado a uma menor altura, que facilita os tratos culturais.
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    Growth of tamarind seedlings in different levels of shadowing and substrate composition
    (2024) Souza Salles, Josiane; Costa, Edilson; Freitas de Lima, Alexandre Henrique; Souza Salles, Jussara; Ferreira da Silva Binotti, Flávio; da Costa Vieira, Gustavo Haralampidou; da Silva Guimarães Júnnyor, Wellingthon; Scaloppi Junior, Erivaldo José
    ABSTRACT Tamarind (Tamarindus indica L.) is a species with promising potential for commercial production; therefore, studies involving practices of conducting culture in the initial stage are essential. The present study aimed to evaluate different shading levels and substrate compositions in the seedling production of tamarind. The experimental design was completely randomized in a 4×4 factorial scheme, four levels of shading (0%, 18%, 30%, and 50%) and four substrates (pine bark-based substrate pure and mixed with 50% vermiculite, and sphagnum peat-based substrate pure and mixed with 50% vermiculite), with four replicates of four seedlings. Growth and biometric relationships were evaluated at 40 and 98 d after transplantation (DAT). The results reported that seedlings formed on the sphagnum peat-based substrate on pure or associated with vermiculite at 98 DAT had a height greater than 35 cm and a total 8.5 g DM. In contrast, seedlings produced in pine bark-based substrate did not reach 20 cm in height and had less than 3 g total DM. The condition of 30% and 50% shading promoted greater growth in height, reaching an average height greater than 40 cm, while in the full sun environment, seedlings showed an average of less than 35 cm; however, for the other variables, full sun environment did not differ from 30% shading, producing good quality seedlings. Thus, the cultivation of seedlings in an environment with 0% or 30% shading, associated with the sphagnum peat-based substrate pure or mixed with 50% vermiculite promoted the production of tamarind seedlings with vigorous growth. In the best environments, the best substrates increased, on average, 41.3% number of leaves, 80.5% shoot dry mass, 56.8% root dry mass, and 71.0% total dry mass. In the best substrates, the best environments increased, on average, 18.0% number of leaves, 20.7% shoot dry mass, 8.7% root dry mass, and 14.3% total dry mass.
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    Quality of rubber tree rootstock seedlings grown in protected environments and alternative substrates
    (2020) Silva, Abimael Gomes da; Costa, Edilson; Pereira, Talita Cristina Campos; Binotti, Flávio Ferreira da Silva; Scaloppi Junior, Erivaldo José; Zoz, Tiago
    ABSTRACT. This study aimed to evte the quality of Hevea brasiliensis seedlings, a GT1 clone, produced in protected environments in a variety of substrates. The treatments consisted of 13 substrates composed of combinations of cattle manure, soil from a ravine, medium vermiculite, superfine vermiculite and washed fine sand and two environments: a greenhouse with 50% shade using aluminized screen and a plant nursery with 50% shade using a Sombrite® screen. There were no replications of the environments; therefore, each one was considered an experiment. For each environment, a completely randomized experimental design with five replications was used to evaluate the substrates. Subsequently, the average squares of the residuals of individual variance analyses of these treatments (substrates) were evaluated, and because they did not exceed an approximate ratio of 7:1, a combined analysis of experiments was performed with Sisvar software. Two hundred eighty days after sowing, the dry weight, plant height, stem diameter, diameter at five centimeters above soil and the seedling quality indices were evaluated. Results indicated that substrates with a low amount of manure and sand and a high amount of vermiculite (S9 and S13) produced rubber tree seedlings of high-quality. The environment with greater radiation availability was better for the development of high-quality rubber tree seedlings.